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SD read/write error

 
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njepsen

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Joined: 13 Aug 2007
Posts: 471

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PostPosted: Mon Jul 22, 2019 6:46 am    Post subject: SD read/write error Reply with quote

I am saving backup data to an SD card, but from time to time - like once a month- I get a situation where I cannot read the card.
Here is an excerpt of the code. Full code is 8000 lines.
Err 241 is "cpErrDriveRead1" and I have no idea what that means, or more importantly, why it is happening or how to recover from it.
I don't have the hardware to cycle the SD card 3.3 power supply, which has its own regulator and 2 bypass caps a 0.1 and a 1000uF, close to the sd socket. I'm using Toshiba micro SD.




Code:

 '*******************************************************************************
$regfile = "m1284pdef.dat"                                  'my processor
$crystal = 9830400                                             'system crystal
$framesize = 800                                            
$hwstack = 550                                              
$swstack = 550                                              
$frameprotect = 1
stop watchdog


do

.code
.
.
    $include "config_mmcsd_hc.bas"  
.
.code

         Print #1 , ">> internet or server didnt respond.Saving data to SD"


         Sd_fault = Check_sd_card()
         If Sd_fault = 0 Then
            Print #1 , ">> creating SD folders"
            Call Savecopy_of_data_to_sdcard()
         Else
            Print #1 , ">> Data lost,can't access SD card"
         End If
.
.

. lots more code

.
.


loop

   '***********************************************************
Function Check_sd_card() As Byte
         'added cache dir at end because if its not there, dir*.* will
         'give "." as a file name
         'Sequence is correct, but should call driveinit() and initfilesystem(1)
         'whenever a card is hot swapped.

   Local Retries As Byte
   Local Sd_fault As Byte
   Retries = 0
   Sd_fault = 0
   $include "config_mmcsd_hc.bas"                           'set up the high capacity SD card comms





   Do
      Incr Retries
      Call Timedelay_ms(2000)                               'Wait 2 for SD to power up
      #if Pi_motherboard = 0
         If Sd_inserted = 1 Then
            Print #1 , ">> no SD"
            Sd_fault = 1
            exit sub
         End If
      #endif



      Print #1 , ">> SD Card Type = " ;
      Select Case Mmcsd_cardtype
         Case 0 :
            Print #1 , ">> can't init the Card - check smd settings"
            Sd_fault = 1

         Case 1 : Print #1 , ">> MMC"
            Sd_fault = 0
         Case 2 : Print #1 , ">> SDSC Spec. 1.x "
            Sd_fault = 0
         Case 4 : Print #1 , ">> SDSC Spec. 2.0 or later"
            Sd_fault = 0
         Case 12 : Print #1 , ">> SDHC Spec. 2.0 or later"
            Sd_fault = 0
         case else
                  Print #1 , ">> unknown/card missing"
      End Select

      Call Timedelay_ms(2000)                               ' Wait 2
      Tempb = Driveinit()                                   'call drivinit()

      If Gbdriveerror = 0 Then
         Print #1 , ">> SD drive OK. Reading size...."
         $include "config_AVR-DOS.BAS"  'help says include is only done once even if called multiple times
         Sd_fault = 0
      Else
         Print #1 , ">> Error during Drive Init: " ; Gbdriveerror
         Sd_fault = 1

      End If



      Tempb = Initfilesystem(1)

      If Tempb <> 0 Then
         Print #1 , ">> Error: " ; Tempb ; " at Init file system"
         Sd_fault = 1
      End If
                   ' Lfree = Diskfree()                                     'CAUTION This takes a long time. Start watchdog afterwards
                   ' Start Watchdog
                   ' print #1 , ">. free memory =" ; Lfree
      If Sd_fault <> 1 Then
         Print #1 , ">> SD card OK"
         Print #1 , ">> Filesystem:          " ; Gbfilesystem
         Print #1 , ">> FAT Start Sector:    " ; Glfatfirstsector
         Print #1 , ">> Root Start Sector:   " ; Glrootfirstsector
         Print #1 , ">> Data First Sector:   " ; Gldatafirstsector
         Print #1 , ">> Max. Cluster Number: " ; Glmaxclusternumber
         Print #1 , ">> Sectors per Cluster: " ; Gbsectorspercluster
         Print #1 , ">> Root Entries:        " ; Gwrootentries
         Print #1 , ">> Sectors per FAT:     " ; Glsectorsperfat
         Print #1 , ">> Number of FATs:      " ; Gbnumberoffats
         Print #1 , ">> Inititialise retries:" ; Mmcsd_try
         Print #1 , ""
         Print #1 , ">> AVR-DOS_Config Settings"
         Print #1 , ">> " ; Cfilehandles ; " File-Handles (cFileHandles = " ; Cfilehandles ; ")"
         Print #1 , ">> Directory and Fat handled in " ;
         #if Csepfathandle = 1
            Print #1 , ">> different buffers";
         #else
            Print #1 , ">> same buffer";
         #endif
         Print #1 , ">> (cSepFATHandle = " ; Csepfathandle ; ")"
         Print #1 , ">> Directory and Fat Information of a File saved  "
         #if Cfatdirsaveatend = 1
            Print #1 , ">> only at Flush and Close"
         #else
            Print #1 , ">> at every Data Sector" ;
         #endif
         Print #1 , ">> (cFATDirSaveAtEnd = " ; Cfatdirsaveatend ; ")"

         Lsize = Disksize()
         Print #1 , ">> Card size " ; Lsize ; " kB"
         Print #1 , ""
      End If
   Loop Until Retries > 5 Or Sd_fault = 0

   if sd_fault = 0 then
      Chdir "\"
      Mkdir Cachefoldernamestr
   end if
   Check_sd_card = sd_fault                                 '0 = no fault. 1 = fault

End Function
   '***********************************************************


 



When the code fails, my debug say this:


Quote:



>> internet or server didnt respond.
>> Saving data to SD
>> SD Card Type = >> SDSC Spec. 2.0 or later
>> SD drive OK. Reading size....
>> Error: 241 at Init file system
>> SD Card Type = >> SDSC Spec. 2.0 or later
>> SD drive OK. Reading size....
>> Error: 241 at Init file system
>> SD Card Type = >> SDSC Spec. 2.0 or later
>> SD drive OK. Reading size....
>> Error: 241 at Init file system
>> SD Card Type = >> SDSC Spec. 2.0 or later
>> SD drive OK. Reading size....
>> Error: 241 at Init file system
>> SD Card Type = >> SDSC Spec.2.0 or later
>> SD drive OK. Reading size....
>> Error: 241 at Init file system
>> SD Card Type = >> SDSC Spec. 2.0 or later
>> SD drive OK. Reading size....
>> Error: 241 at Init file system
>> Data lost,can't access SD card <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< THIS IS THE PROBLEM
>> battery =13.15






(BASCOM-AVR version : 2.0.7.9 , Latest : 2.0.8.1 )

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Neil
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AdrianJ

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Joined: 16 Jan 2006
Posts: 2483
Location: Queensland

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PostPosted: Tue Jul 23, 2019 11:26 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Reaching back into dark history...

I too had rare problems getting SD cards to respond. Maybe not the same failure, but effectively preventing access. My solution at the time was to use a card supply regulator which could be enabled and disabled by a processor port pin.

Never had any problems after that, but I have no idea whether the recovery cycle was ever tripped in the field. What one could have done was to log a failure to the card, after getting access back, but I never thought of that, and in any case I only very rarely had access to the cards once installed.

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Adrian Jansen
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njepsen

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Joined: 13 Aug 2007
Posts: 471

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PostPosted: Tue Jul 23, 2019 11:35 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Thanks Adrian,
Unfortunately in the latest population of boards, i cannot cycle the SD card power. On older boards I had a FET that allowed me to do this but (foolishly) decided it was not necessary. Because this issue is so intermittent, its hard to fault find, and I was hoping someone would spot an issue with my code. SD cards for me are a bit of a black art.

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AdrianJ

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Joined: 16 Jan 2006
Posts: 2483
Location: Queensland

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PostPosted: Wed Jul 24, 2019 12:40 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

Hi Neil,
My memory of all the steps needed to get an SD card going are long gone. And in any case I used them in simple SPI mode, so all those advanced access settings are different.

The repeated error 241 at initfilesystem is a bit odd, you should not get that, but I dont know if its significant.

Somehow I doubt really rare errors like you get are due to code, except possibly a marginal timing issue.

I would be more suspicious of power supply glitches. You do know that the cards themselves draw high pulse currents during the write cycles, up in the several 100 mA region ? That can cause problems with supplies. Even 1000 uF bypass may not be enough, when you work out the voltage drop over the current pulse time. You need very "stiff" regulators. FETS to switch the output can cause the same problems, its safer to switch the input side, if you go back to that idea.

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