crystal accuracy is insufficient

unforgiven · Joined: 31 Aug 2007 Posts: 36

Hello.
I use 32768 hg crystal for am168’s RTC, but accuracy of a course of clock is insufficient. I must correct capacity capacitor?

NickUK · Joined: 15 Nov 2005 Posts: 25 Location: Ashbourne

Depending on quality of the crystal and temperature, you will see a drift.

Buy the best ones you can, some are cheap and out-of-spec.

Also it is a good idea to make sure that your circuit contains good grounding and decoupling, as noise will also cause inaccuracy.

You can also design-in a variable cap which you can set with an accurate frequency counter.

BTW These tiny devices do not like being heated up - be careful when soldering.

Hope this helps

Regards

Nick

Arera · Joined: 23 Sep 2007 Posts: 386 Location: Wuppertal, Germany

A capacitor in parallel to the Xtal will always slow your freq. down.
So, if your clock already retards, no cap will work. This case, make shure the leads are short, as the bring capacitance. The caps used to pull the Xtal are in a range of 5pF to 25pF in most cases. In the Xtals datasheet the "load capacitance" can be found. This is the capacitance of your PCB-layout, to which the Xtal is trimmed during manufaturing. So, if your layout gives 20pF, and your Xtal has 5pF of load cap., your clock will retard a little.
How much does your clock differe from accurate freq.?

unforgiven · Joined: 31 Aug 2007 Posts: 36

Course error clock approximately 5 %. Tried to use as with condensers in capacity 12 pf, then without them (as IC connects internal). Tried to change quartz 32768 in case DT-38 on DT-26. Changes has not received.

Arera · Joined: 23 Sep 2007 Posts: 386 Location: Wuppertal, Germany

5%
wow, that´s not tolerance, but there is something really wrong with your application. All that capacitior stuff is to trim the clock from e.g. 30min a yeahr (!) to maybe 10 min a yeahr tolerance. A Xtals tolerance is in the range of 50ppm (parts per million). Your deviation is 1000 times higher. There must be something else...
Can you post the code You use?

unforgiven · Joined: 31 Aug 2007 Posts: 36

$regfile = "m168def.dat" 'определяют используемый
$crystal = 8000000 'используемых кристаллов
'скоростей двоичной передачи использования
$hwstack = 32 'использования по умолчанию 32
$swstack = 10 'использования по умолчанию 10
$framesize = 40
'использования по умолчанию 40 'сначала соберите и управляйте этой программой с линией ниже отмеченный
C2s Alias Portd.2 : R2s Alias Portd.3 : Reset R2s

Dim Second2 As Eram Byte At 17
Dim Minute2 As Eram Byte At 18
Dim Hour2 As Eram Byte At 19
Dim Dat2 As Eram Byte At 20
Dim Month2 As Eram Byte At 21
Dim Year2 As Eram Word At 22
Dim Leap2 As Eram Byte At 24
Dim Month_inc2 As Eram Byte At 25
Dim Dat_inc2 As Eram Byte At 26
Dim Hour_inc2 As Eram Byte At 27
Dim Month_dec2 As Eram Byte At 28
Dim Dat_dec2 As Eram Byte At 29
Dim Hour_dec2 As Eram Byte At 30

Dim Tact As Byte : Dim Second As Byte : Dim Minute As Byte : Dim Hour As Byte : Dim Dat As Byte : Dim Month As Byte
Dim Year As Word : Dim Leap As Byte : Dim Month_inc As Byte : Dim Dat_inc As Byte : Dim Hour_inc As Byte
Dim Month_dec As Byte : Dim Dat_dec As Byte : Dim Hour_dec As Byte : Dim Maxdat As Byte : Dim Year_l As Byte
Dim Year_d As Byte : Dim Maxdat_l As Byte : Dim Pwm_out As Word : Dim Rs_init As Byte : Dim New_sec As Bit
Dim New_min As Bit : Dim Year_lo As Byte

Dim Rs_tim_cnt As Byte : Dim Buf_full As Bit : Dim Buf_error As Bit :
Dim Buf2_bisy As Bit : Dim Rs_entr As Bit : Dim Rs_pack_num As Byte : Dim Wdr_ovrfl As Bit : Dim Cycle_err As Bit
Dim Rs_pack_b1 As Byte : Dim Rs_pack_b2 As Byte : Dim Rs_pack_b3 As Byte : Dim Rs_pack_b4 As Byte : Dim Rs_pack_b5 As Byte
Dim Rs_pack_b6 As Byte : Dim Rs_pack_b7 As Byte : Dim Rs_pack_b8 As Byte ': Dim Rs_pack_b9 As Byte : Dim Rs_pack_b10 As Byte
'Dim Rs_pack_b11 As Byte : Dim Rs_pack_b12 As Byte : Dim Rs_pack_b13 As Byte : Dim Rs_pack_b14 As Byte : Dim Rs_pack_b15 As Byte
'Dim Rs_pack_b16 As Byte : Dim Rs_pack_b17 As Byte : Dim Rs_pack_b18 As Byte :

Ucsr0a = 2 : Ucsr0b = 24 : Ubrr0l = 8 : Ubrr0h = 0 : Ucsr0c = 38
Reset New_sec : Reset New_min : Reset Buf_full : Reset Buf_error : Reset Rs_entr : Reset Rs_pack_num : Reset Wdr_ovrfl
Reset Cycle_err ': Reset :

'Config Watchdog = 256 : Start Watchdog

Second = Second2 : Minute = Minute2 : Hour = Hour2 : Dat = Dat2 : Month = Month2 : Year = Year2 : Leap = Leap2:
Dat_inc = Dat_inc2 : Hour_inc = Hour_inc2 : Dat_dec = Dat_dec2 : Hour_dec = Hour_dec2
Year = Year Or 2000 : Month = Month Or 1 : Dat = Dat And 31 : Dat = Dat Or 1 : Hour = Hour And 23 : Leap = Leap And 1

Ucsr0a = 2 : Ucsr0b = 24 : Ubrr0l = 8 : Ubrr0h = 0 : Ucsr0c = 38
Config Serialin = Buffered , Size = 10

Enable Interrupts
On Ovf2 Tim2_isr : On Timer2 : Config Timer2 = Timer , Async = On , Prescale = 8 ' 1
Stop Timer2 : Assr = 32 : Timsk2 = 1 : Start Timer2

Print "Year-2000_Month_Day_Hour_Min Sec?(in_binary_mode)" ' Enable Urxc : On Urxc Rec_isr : 'Print "Year-2000?" : Inputbin Year_lo : Print "Month?" : Inputbin Month : Print "Day" : Inputbin Dat : Print "Hour" '
Inputbin Year_lo , Month , Dat , Hour , Minute , Second : Print "Ok" : Year = Year_lo + 2000 : Year2 = Year
Clear Serialin

Do
If Wdr_ovrfl = 1 Then : Set Cycle_err : End If : Set Wdr_ovrfl
'If _rs_head_ptr0 > 1 Then
'If Rs_pack_b8 = 13 Then : Goto 1 : End If : End If
'Inputbin Rs_pack_b1 , Rs_pack_b2 , Rs_pack_b3 , Rs_pack_b4 , Rs_pack_b5 , Rs_pack_b6 , Rs_pack_b7 , Rs_pack_b8
'Inputbin Rs_pack_b9 , Rs_pack_b10 , Rs_pack_b11 , Rs_pack_b12 , Rs_pack_b13 , Rs_pack_b14 , Rs_pack_b15 , Rs_pack_b16
'Goto 3
'1:
'Clear Serialin : Incr Rs_pack_num : Reset Rs_entr : Reset Rs_pack_b1 : Reset Rs_pack_b8 : Print Rs_pack_b1 ; " " ; Rs_pack_b2 ; " " ; Rs_pack_b3 'To Set The Pwm Registers , Just Assign A Value To The Compare A And B Registers

'3:
Stop Timer0 : Ocr0a = Pwm_out : Ocr0b = Pwm_out : Start Timer0
If New_sec = 1 Then '
If New_min = 1 Then
Print Minute ; " \ " ; Hour ; " \ " ; Dat ; "\" ; Month ; "\" ; Year
Reset New_sec : Reset New_min : End If : End If

Reset Watchdog
Reset Wdr_ovrfl
Waitms 100
Loop

Serial0charmatch:
Rs_entr = 1
Return

Tim2_isr:
Incr Tact : Pwm_out = Pwm_out + 1 ' Compare1a = A ' Compare1b = A 'Pwm1a = A 'Pwm1b = A 'Or for better reading :
If Pwm_out > 230 Then : Pwm_out = 10
End If
If Tact > 16 Then
Tact = 0 : Incr Second : Second2 = Second : Set New_sec ': Print "cntr" ; _rs_bufcountr0 ; "Head" ; _rs_head_ptr0,
If Second > 59 Then ' If One Minute
Second = 0 : Incr Minute : Minute2 = Minute : Set New_min
If Minute > 59 Then
Minute = 0 : Incr Hour : Hour2 = Hour
If Month_inc = Month Then
If Dat = Dat_inc Then
If Hour = Hour_inc Then
Incr Hour
End If
End If
End If
If Month_dec = Month Then
If Dat = Dat_dec Then
If Hour = Hour_dec Then
Incr Hour
End If
End If
End If
If Hour > 23 Then
Hour = 0 : Incr Dat : Dat2 = Dat
If Month = 2 Then
Year_d = Year Mod 4
End If
If Year_d = 0 Then : Leap = 1 : Leap2 = Leap : Maxdat = Lookup(month , Dta1) 'if YEAR_LO = 0, (a century has passed) check if YEAR_HI is divisible by 4
End If 'then it is a leap year else if YEAR_LO is divisible by 4 and not zero
If Dat < 27 Then : Goto 2 '
End If : Maxdat_l = Maxdat + Leap
If Dat > Maxdat_l Then : Dat = 1 : Incr Month : Month2 = Month ' then it's a leap year ,if a whole month has passed ' clear DAY , increment MONTH
End If
If Month > 12 Then : Month = 1 : Incr Year : Year2 = Year ' if one year clear MONTH increment YEAR_LO
End If
End If
End If
End If
End If
2:
Return

Dta1:
Data 0 , 31 , 28 , 31 , 30 , 31 , 30 , 31 , 30 , 31 , 31 , 30 , 31 , 30 , 31

Luciano · Joined: 29 Nov 2004 Posts: 3149 Location: Italy

Hi,

Try this code.

Best regards,

Luciano

unforgiven · Joined: 31 Aug 2007 Posts: 36

Thanks, these codes work normally. Fault in the Config.