AN #203 - Light sensor with LED display

This module measures light intensity and shows it on a scale from 0 to 782 on the LED display. By multiplying that value with 5, and then divide by 127 you get the light intensity in µW/cm². If the light intensity rises over or falls below (configurable) the set point; the output activates, with a hysteresis of +-25. The module has two outputs; a constant and a pulse. The constant output can be used to drive e.g. a relay, while the pulse can communicate with other equipment.

Set points

The set point is adjusted using the (on)-off-(on) switches, when adjusting; the display shows this instead of the real value. It is stored in EEPROM making it non-volatile, meaning that it is not lost if the module is without power.

Formula to calculate light intensity

LED display

In reality only one digit is shown at any given time, but by cycling through them in high speed the human eye sees three stable digits.

I/O

Input pins

Output pins

LED display pins

D-Sub 9-pin connector

Schematic drawing

'--------------------------------------------------------------
'                   Thomas Jensen | uCtrl.net
'--------------------------------------------------------------
'  file: AVR_LIGHT_SENSOR_v1.0
'  date: 18/03/2007
'--------------------------------------------------------------
$regfile = "m8def.dat"
$crystal = 1000000
Config Watchdog = 1024
Config Portb = Output
Config Portd = Output
Config Portc = Input
 
Dim W As Word , Volt As Word , Read_timer As Integer
Dim C_limit1 As Integer , C_limit2 As Integer
Dim Over_limit As Bit , Limit As Integer
Dim Volt_temp As String * 1 , Volt_string As String * 3
Dim Volt_number As Integer , Set_timer As Integer
Dim Over_limit_set As Bit , Action_timer As Integer
Dim Up_counter As Integer , Down_counter As Integer
Dim Eeprom_limit As Eram Integer , Eeprom_save As Integer
Dim Lowlimit As Integer , Highlimit As Integer
 
Config Adc = Single , Prescaler = Auto , Reference = Avcc
Start Adc
 
'Inputs
'PC.0 Light sensor, analog value
'PC.1 Threshold up
'PC.2 Threshold down
'PC.3 Over/under threshold
 
'Outputs
'PB.0 LED-display digit 1
'PB.1 LED-display digit 2
'PB.2 LED-display digit 3
'PB.3 Output constant
'PB.4 Output pulse
'PortD LED display
 
'get eeprom values
Limit = Eeprom_limit
 
Portd = 64
Portb.0 = 1
Portb.1 = 0
Portb.2 = 0
Waitms 500
Portb.0 = 0
Portb.1 = 1
Waitms 500
Portb.1 = 0
Portb.2 = 1
Waitms 500
Portb.2 = 0
Waitms 500
 
Start Watchdog
 
'program start
Main:
'read light
If Read_timer = 0 Then
W = Getadc(0)
Volt = W
Read_timer = 666
End If
 
'set limit up
If Pinc.1 = 1 Then
   C_limit1 = 0
   Up_counter = 0
   End If
If Pinc.1 = 0 Then
   If C_limit1 = 0 Then Incr Limit
   C_limit1 = 1
   Incr Up_counter
   Eeprom_save = 20000
   Set_timer = 133
   End If
 
'set limit down
If Pinc.2 = 1 Then
   C_limit2 = 0
   Down_counter = 0
   End If
If Pinc.2 = 0 Then
   If C_limit2 = 0 Then Decr Limit
   C_limit2 = 1
   Incr Down_counter
   Eeprom_save = 20000
   Set_timer = 133
   End If
 
'correct if value out of range
If Limit < 0 Then Limit = 0
If Limit > 999 Then Limit = 999
If Volt > 999 Then Volt = 999
 
'check limit and set conditions
Lowlimit = Limit - 25
Highlimit = Limit + 25
 
If Pinc.3 = 0 Then
   If Volt > Highlimit Then Over_limit = 1
   If Volt < Lowlimit Then Over_limit = 0
   Else
   If Volt < Lowlimit Then Over_limit = 1
   If Volt > Highlimit Then Over_limit = 0
End If
 
'show light level/threshold
If Set_timer = 0 Then Volt_string = Str(volt)
If Set_timer > 0 Then Volt_string = Str(limit)
 
'digit 1
If Len(volt_string) > 2 Then Volt_temp = Left(volt_string , 1) Else Volt_temp = "0"
Volt_number = Val(volt_temp)
Portd = Lookup(volt_number , Table)
If Set_timer > 0 Then Portd.7 = 1
If Len(volt_string) > 3 Then Portd = 121
Portb.0 = 1
Portb.1 = 0
Portb.2 = 0
Waitms 5
 
Portb.0 = 0
Portb.1 = 0
Portb.2 = 0
 
'digit 2
If Len(volt_string) = 2 Then Volt_temp = Left(volt_string , 1)
If Len(volt_string) > 2 Then Volt_temp = Mid(volt_string , 2 , 1)
If Len(volt_string) < 2 Then Volt_temp = "0"
Volt_number = Val(volt_temp)
Portd = Lookup(volt_number , Table)
If Over_limit = 1 Then Portd.7 = 1
If Len(volt_string) > 3 Then Portd = 80
Portb.0 = 0
Portb.1 = 1
Portb.2 = 0
Waitms 5
 
Portb.0 = 0
Portb.1 = 0
Portb.2 = 0
 
'digit 3
Volt_temp = Right(volt_string , 1)
Volt_number = Val(volt_temp)
Portd = Lookup(volt_number , Table)
If Read_timer > 600 And Eeprom_save = 0 Then Portd.7 = 1
If Read_timer < 600 And Eeprom_save > 0 Then Portd.7 = 1
If Len(volt_string) > 3 Then Portd = 80
Portb.0 = 0
Portb.1 = 0
Portb.2 = 1
Waitms 5
 
Portb.0 = 0
Portb.1 = 0
Portb.2 = 0
 
'set outputs
If Over_limit = 1 And Over_limit_set = 0 Then
   Over_limit_set = 1
   Portb.3 = 1
   Action_timer = 33
   End If
If Over_limit = 0 Then
   If Over_limit_set = 1 Then Action_timer = 100
   Over_limit_set = 0
   Portb.3 = 0
   End If
 
'pulse output
If Action_timer > 0 Then
   Decr Action_timer
   Portb.4 = 1
   End If
If Action_timer = 0 Then Portb.4 = 0
 
'timers
If Set_timer > 0 Then Decr Set_timer
If Read_timer > 0 Then Decr Read_timer
 
'fast threshold adjust
If Up_counter > 66 Then Incr Limit
If Down_counter > 66 Then Decr Limit
 
'save eeprom values
If Eeprom_save > 0 Then Decr Eeprom_save
If Eeprom_save = 1 Then Eeprom_limit = Limit
 
'loop
Reset Watchdog
Goto Main
End
 
'---- data for correct display of numbers on LED display ------
Table:
Data 63 , 6 , 91 , 79 , 102 , 109 , 125 , 7 , 127 , 111 , 128
'     0    1   2    3    4     5     6     7   8     9     dp

Information