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AN #147 - Car Windscreen Wiper Control with ATtiny13 Print
This BASCOM example show how to replace an original unit or to make a new one with a small MCU and BASCOM. This example uses the ATtiny 13, which is a small MCU with limited resources but perfect for this application.


The usual wiper control in a car has two problems, both of which this application can solve. First, it uses too many parts, usually an on/off switch and either a potentiometer to adjust the wiping interval or a multi-stage switch. Second, it is not very user-friendly: You either have a limited number of interval periods or, if the wiper is controlled via a potentiometer, you have to adjust the interval period, watch the windscreen if the interval is sufficient (takes at least one or two times wiping), readjust the period and so on.

This BASCOM example show how to do it with minimal cost and maximum functionality with small MCU. This example uses the ATtiny 13, which is small mcu with limited resources but for this application best fit.

Function description :

Upon switching the unit on, the windscreen is wiped periodically with a default interval. By switching the unit off, the driver inhibits wiping causing the windscreen to get wetter and wetter. As soon as the driver decides – the windscreen should not get wetter than this– he switches it back on. Doing so, the driver sets the new interval according to the time passed between the last clearing of the windscreen and switching the unit back on. This way the driver can either lengthen or shorten the interval to exactly what he wishes - the wipers will not go too fast (by the way, often it is the case in traffic jams, there's just no suitable setting!) and it won't go too slow.

Next function in this unit is automatic start of wipers when driver use windscreen water clean nozzles. This function is activated by the switch what activate water pump for the clean nozzles. After releasing this switch wipers is running for specified time period and not need driver assistance.

Schematic diagram :



Example of mechanical design :


Original unit

Original unit vs new PCB

 New unit

This pictures show example how original unit can be remaked with minimal impact on existing electric installation in car.


PCB in virtual look

Example of BASCOM program : (click here for download)

$regfile = "attiny13.dat"
$crystal = 9600000
$hwstack = 32
$swstack = 8
$framesize = 16

Const Timervalue = 22 ' 0.025 sec (25msec) @9.6MHz/1024/8bit = 22
Const Minimum_interval = 40 ' 1sec
Const Default_interval = 80 ' 2sec
Const Disable_after = 1200 ' 30sec
Const Wiper_water_delay = 200  ' 5sec

Const Wiper_threshold = 500 ' 500ms (for waitms statement)

Dim Interval As Word
Dim Int_timer1 As Word
Dim Temptimer As Word

Switch
Alias Pinb.0 ' switch for time-cycle wipers
Switch_water
Alias Pinb.1 ' switch what activate windscreen water cleaners
Relay
Alias Portb.3 ' relay for wiper motor

Config Portb.0 = Input
Config Portb.1 = Input
Config Portb.3 = Output

Config Timer0 = Timer , Prescale = 1024
Enable Interrupts
Enable Timer0
Timer0 = Timervalue ' reload Timer0 with interval (25msec)

On Timer0 Timer_int ' set Timer0 interrupt routine

Do

Main:

 Gosub Wipe_coff ' turn off wiper motor
 
Debounce Switch , 1 , Start1 ' if wiper switch is turned on, start default interval
 
Debounce Switch_water , 1 , Wipe_water ' if windscreen clean switch is turned on, start motor

Loop

'-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Start1
:

 Interval = Default_interval ' set default interval for wiper timer

Start2
:

 If Interval < Minimum_interval Then Goto Wipe_cont ' if wiper interval < than min interval run motor in continuosly mode

Wipe_start
:

Wipe_loop
:

 Disable Timer0
 Int_timer1
= Interval ' set timer to interval
 
Gosub Wipe_one
 
Enable Timer0 ' start/stop motor for one wiper cycle

Wipe_loop2:

 
If Int_timer1 = 0 Then ' if timer goes to 0 , reload timer with interval and make one wiper cycle
 
Disable Timer0
 
Gosub Wipe_one
 Int_timer1
= Interval
 
Enable Timer0
 
End If
 
Debounce Switch_water , 1 , Wipe_water_pre ' check for windscreen clean switch over wiper timer
 
Debounce Switch , 0 , Time_loop ' check for turn off wiper switch
 
Goto Wipe_loop2  ' make loop

'-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Wipe_cont
:
 

 Gosub
Wipe_con ' turn on motor - continuosly mode

Wipe_cont2:

 Debounce Switch , 0 , Time_loop ' check for wiper switch, if opened go check new interval
 
Goto Wipe_cont2
'-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Wipe_water_pre
:

 Temptimer
= Interval  ' save current interval when windscreen clean sw is activated over wiper timer runnig

Wipe_water
:

 
Set Relay ' turn on motor until windscreen clean switch is closed
 
Debounce Switch_water , 0 , Wipe_water1 ' when is opened start time delay for automatic after-clean
 
Goto Wipe_water

Wipe_water1
:

 Int_timer1
= Wiper_water_delay ' load timer with after-clean time value

Wipe_water2
:

 
If Int_timer1 = 0 Then Goto Wipe_water3 ' if timer goes to 0 turn off motor
 
Goto Wipe_water2

Wipe_water3
:

 Reset Relay ' turn off wiper motor
 
If Temptimer <> 0 Then  ' check for saved interval from wiper , if is set, reload timer with old value
 
Disable Timer0
 Int_timer1
= Temptimer ' and restart wiper timer
 Temptimer
= 0
 
Enable Timer0
 
Goto Start2
 
End If
 
Goto Main ' if saved timer not exist jump to main loop

'-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Time_loop
:  ' time loop for get new wiper interval or reset timer when time exceed 30sec

 
Gosub Wipe_coff
 
Disable Timer0
 Int_timer1
= Disable_after ' load timer with maximum interval (30sec)
 
Enable Timer0

Time_loop2:

 
Debounce Switch , 1 , Time_loop3 ' check for wiper switch closed,if is closed set new interval
 
If Int_timer1 = 0 Then Goto Main  ' if time period is over and wiper switch is not closed, run program from begin
 
Debounce Switch_water , 1 , Wipe_water ' check for windscreen clean switch
 
Goto Time_loop2

Time_loop3
:

 Disable Timer0
 Interval
= Disable_after - Int_timer1 ' get new interval for wiper
 
Enable Timer0
 
Goto Start2 ' run wiper program from begin but ignore setting of default interval


'-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Timer_int
: ' Timer0 interrupt routine

 Timer0 = Timervalue 'reload Timer0

 
If Int_timer1 = 0 Then Return ' if timer is not set do nothing

 Int_timer1
= Int_timer1 - 1 ' else decrement it over each interrupt

 
Return
'-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Wipe_one
: ' routine for start/stop wiper motor

 Set Relay ' start motor
 
Waitms Wiper_threshold ' wait 500ms, needed for activating self-motor automatic
 
Reset Relay ' turn off motor (motor automaticly return wipers to start position)
 
Return

Wipe_con
: ' activate wiper motor for continuosly mode

 Set Relay
 
Return

Wipe_coff
: ' turn off wiper motor

 Reset Relay
 
Return


/Tomi - MCS Electronics