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TSEYFARTH
Joined: 01 Jul 2006
Posts: 1054
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 Posted: Wed Aug 05, 2015 9:41 pm Post subject: Help with bootloader please... |
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Hello all,
I am using an ATMEGA1281, 16Mhz xtal and COM1 to communicate with a PC over serial at 9600bps. My application program uses 8% of the programming space available - according to BASCOM. The application works perfectly without a bootloader. However, once I install a bootloader, which is based on Marks example the main application will not run.
The bootloader does work, it does accept the upload from the MCS bootloader windows application but the main app never starts.
I have the fuses set as:
BOOTSZ 1024 words start address = $FC00
BOOTRST is checked.
The bootloader.hex file appears to work, talking and receiving the data from the MCS Bootloader Windows app - here are some highlights:
| Code: |
$hwstack = 40
$swstack = 40
$framesize = 40
$crystal = 16000000 '16MHz crystal
$baud1 = 9600 '38400 'this loader uses serial com
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| Code: |
$regfile = "m1281def.dat"
Const Loaderchip = 1281
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| Code: |
#if Loaderchip = 1281 ' Mega128
$loader = &HFC00 ' 1024 words
'$loader = &H7C00 ' 1024 words
'$loader = &H7800 ' 2048 words
Const Maxwordbit = 7 'Z7 is maximum bit '
Open "COM2:" For Binary As #1
Config Com2 = Dummy , Synchrone = 0 , Parity = None , Stopbits = 1 , Databits = 8 , Clockpol = 0
#endif
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The application code has nothing special in it for bootloading - did I forget something?
If anyone has any suggestions, I would really appreciate the feedback!
Thank you all,
Tim
(BASCOM-AVR version : 2.0.7.8 ) |
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MWS
Joined: 22 Aug 2009
Posts: 2262
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| Posted: Thu Aug 06, 2015 9:21 am Post subject: Re: Help with bootloader please... |
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| TSEYFARTH wrote: | | If anyone has any suggestions, I would really appreciate the feedback! |
Is this a modified bootloader?
As often said and I may sound like a prayer mill: don't expect someone to find a bug in your code, without actually having your code, i.e. bootloader. 
| Quote: | | The bootloader does work, it does accept the upload from the MCS bootloader windows application but the main app never starts. |
If it would work, your application would run.
How the reset is achieved? A jump to &h0000, or via watchdog timeout?
Only a watchdog reset brings the µC into pristine condition, a jump to &h0000 leaves registers in the condition, as they were written by the bootloader.
If you have written unclean code in your application, which relies on the µC to be in pristine condition, it may fail.
A first test is to have the bootloader upload the application code and after uncheck BOOTRST.
If your application works after re-powering, you have a reset issue, if it still does not work, the bootloader did not correctly load up the application code. |
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AndersL
Joined: 25 Jan 2010
Posts: 92
Location: Kragerø,Norway
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| Posted: Thu Aug 06, 2015 3:18 pm Post subject: |
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Hi TSEYFARTH,
One thing to check is:
from MCS bootloader | Code: | $baud = 128000 'this loader uses serial com
'It is VERY IMPORTANT that the baud rate matches the one of the boot loader
'do not try to use buffered com as we can not use interrupts |
I use 128k baudrate and in the:
| Code: | #if Loaderchip = 1280 ' Mega1280
$loader = &HFC00 ' 1024 words
Const Maxwordbit = 7 'Z7 is maximum bit '
Config Com1 = Dummy , Synchrone = 0 , Parity = None , Stopbits = 1 , Databits = 8 , Clockpol = 0
#endif |
This is all for com1 and you have to use 128k baud in your code as well.
_________________
Anders |
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TSEYFARTH
Joined: 01 Jul 2006
Posts: 1054
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| Posted: Thu Aug 06, 2015 6:22 pm Post subject: |
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Hi and thanks for the replies!
The Baud rate is 9600, on COM2 as shown in the original post. The bootloader does talk to the Windows MCS bootloader app, both within the IDE and the stand alone.
@MWS -
| Quote: | | Is this a modified bootloader? |
It is modified to the extent that the M1281 was added, and the Baud rate was changed to 9600. I also tried 38400. Nothing else has been changed. The bootloader code replies to the MCS Bootloader IDE and standone with a completed successfully code.
I have not been able to call the bootloader from within the application code, since the app code never seems to be launched. What I have done is using the AVRISPII:
1. Erase the chip
2. Set fuses for size and reset vector as shown in the original post
3. Program the compiled bootloader.hex app
4. Use either the MCS IDE Bootloader, or the MCS Standalone bootloader to communicate with the bootloader.hex code programmed on chip in step 3 above.
5. Power cycle the board. If LED indicators from the bootloader blink. App code never runs.
**There are no bootloader errors**
I will try your test procedure to see what that shows.
BTW, the reset code from the bootloader, when it is completed receiving the data from the PC is
| Code: | Goto _reset ' start new program |
This is the entire bootloader code:
| Code: |
'----------------------------------------------------------------
' (c) 1995-2005, MCS
' BootloaderM1281_COM2.bas
' This sample demonstrates how you can write your own bootloader
' in BASCOM BASIC
' VERSION 2 of the BOOTLOADER. The waiting for the NAK is stretched
'-----------------------------------------------------------------
'This sample is a mod of the original loader and shows how to use COM2
$hwstack = 40
$swstack = 40
$framesize = 40
$crystal = 16000000 '16MHz crystal
$baud1 = 38400 'this loader uses serial com
'It is VERY IMPORTANT that the baud rate matches the one of the boot loader
'do not try to use buffered com as we can not use interrupts
'$regfile = "m8def.dat"
'Const Loaderchip = 8
'$regfile = "m168def.dat"
'Const Loaderchip = 168
'$regfile = "m16def.dat"
'Const Loaderchip = 16
'$regfile = "m32def.dat"
'Const Loaderchip = 32
'$regfile = "m88def.dat"
'Const Loaderchip = 88
'$regfile = "m162def.dat"
'Const Loaderchip = 162
'$regfile = "m128def.dat"
'Const Loaderchip = 128
$regfile = "m1281def.dat"
Const Loaderchip = 1281
'$regfile = "m64def.dat"
'Const Loaderchip = 64
'$regfile = "m2561def.dat"
'Const Loaderchip = 2561
'#if Loaderchip = 88 'Mega88
' $loader = $c00 'this address you can find in the datasheet
' 'the loader address is the same as the boot vector address
' Const Maxwordbit = 5
' Config Com1 = Dummy , Synchrone = 0 , Parity = None , Stopbits = 1 , Databits = 8 , Clockpol = 0
'#endif
'#if Loaderchip = 168 'Mega168
' $loader = $1c00 'this address you can find in the datasheet
' 'the loader address is the same as the boot vector address
' Const Maxwordbit = 6
' Config Com1 = Dummy , Synchrone = 0 , Parity = None , Stopbits = 1 , Databits = 8 , Clockpol = 0
'#endif
'#if Loaderchip = 32 ' Mega32
' $loader = $3c00 ' 1024 words
' Const Maxwordbit = 6 'Z6 is maximum bit '
' Config Com1 = Dummy , Synchrone = 0 , Parity = None , Stopbits = 1 , Databits = 8 , Clockpol = 0
'#endif
'#if Loaderchip = 8 ' Mega8
' $loader = $c00 ' 1024 words
' Const Maxwordbit = 5 'Z5 is maximum bit '
' Config Com1 = Dummy , Synchrone = 0 , Parity = None , Stopbits = 1 , Databits = 8 , Clockpol = 0
'#endif
'#if Loaderchip = 161 ' Mega161
' $loader = $1e00 ' 1024 words
' Const Maxwordbit = 6 'Z6 is maximum bit '
'#endif
'#if Loaderchip = 162 ' Mega162
' $loader = $1c00 ' 1024 words
' Const Maxwordbit = 6 'Z6 is maximum bit '
' Config Com1 = Dummy , Synchrone = 0 , Parity = None , Stopbits = 1 , Databits = 8 , Clockpol = 0
'#endif
'#if Loaderchip = 64 ' Mega64
' $loader = $7c00 ' 1024 words
' Const Maxwordbit = 7 'Z7 is maximum bit '
' Config Com1 = Dummy , Synchrone = 0 , Parity = None , Stopbits = 1 , Databits = 8 , Clockpol = 0
'#endif
'#if Loaderchip = 128 ' Mega128
' $loader = &HFC00 ' 1024 words
' Const Maxwordbit = 7 'Z7 is maximum bit '
' Open "COM2:" For Binary As #1
' Config Com2 = Dummy , Synchrone = 0 , Parity = None , Stopbits = 1 , Databits = 8 , Clockpol = 0
'#endif
#if Loaderchip = 1281 ' Mega128
$loader = &HFC00 ' 1024 words
'$loader = &HF800 ' 2048 words
Const Maxwordbit = 7 'Z7 is maximum bit '
Config Com2 = Dummy , Synchrone = 0 , Parity = None , Stopbits = 1 , Databits = 8 , Clockpol = 0
Open "COM2:" For Binary As #1
#endif
'#if Loaderchip = 2561 ' Mega2561
' $loader = &H1FC00 ' 1024 words
' Const Maxwordbit = 7 'Z7 is maximum bit '
' Config Com1 = Dummy , Synchrone = 0 , Parity = None , Stopbits = 1 , Databits = 8 , Clockpol = 0
'#endif
'#if Loaderchip = 16 ' Mega16
' $loader = $1c00 ' 1024 words
' Const Maxwordbit = 6 'Z6 is maximum bit '
' Config Com1 = Dummy , Synchrone = 0 , Parity = None , Stopbits = 1 , Databits = 8 , Clockpol = 0
'#endif
Const Maxword =(2 ^ Maxwordbit) * 2 '128
Const Maxwordshift = Maxwordbit + 1
Const Cdebug = 0 ' leave this to 0
#if Cdebug
Print #1 , Maxword
Print #1 , Maxwordshift
#endif
'we use some leds as indication in this sample , you might want to remove it
Tx_d_led Alias Porte.5
Config Tx_d_led = Output 'Input
Set Tx_d_led 'Set = High
Rx_d_led Alias Porte.4
Config Rx_d_led = Output 'Input
Set Rx_d_led 'Set = High
Config Print1 = Portd.6 , Mode = Set
Coma_rts Alias Portd.6 'UART1 RTS
Config Coma_rts = Output 'Input
'Set Coma_rts 'Set = High
'Coma_RTS = 0
'Dim the used variables
Dim Bstatus As Byte , Bretries As Byte , Bblock As Byte , Bblocklocal As Byte
Dim Bcsum1 As Byte , Bcsum2 As Byte , Buf(128) As Byte , Csum As Byte
Dim J As Byte , Spmcrval As Byte ' self program command byte value
Dim Z As Long 'this is the Z pointer word
Dim Vl As Byte , Vh As Byte ' these bytes are used for the data values
Dim Wrd As Word , Page As Word 'these vars contain the page and word address
Dim Bkind As Byte , Bstarted As Byte
'Mega 88 : 32 words, 128 pages
Disable Interrupts 'we do not use ints
'Waitms 100 'wait 100 msec sec
'We start with receiving a file. The PC must send this binary file
'some constants used in serial com
Const Nak = &H15
Const Ack = &H06
Const Can = &H18
$timeout = 200000 'we use a timeout
'When you get LOADER errors during the upload, increase the timeout value
'for example at 16 Mhz, use 200000
Bretries = 5 'we try 5 times
Testfor123:
#if Cdebug
Print "Try " ; Bretries
Print "Wait"
#endif
Bstatus = Waitkey(#1) 'wait for the loader to send a byte
#if Cdebug
Print #1 , "Got "
#endif
'Waitms 1
Print #1 , Chr(bstatus);
'Waitms 3
If Bstatus = 123 Then 'did we received value 123 ?
Rx_d_led = 0
Bkind = 0 'normal flash loader
Goto Loader
Elseif Bstatus = 124 Then ' EEPROM
Bkind = 1 ' EEPROM loader
Goto Loader
Elseif Bstatus <> 0 Then
Decr Bretries
If Bretries <> 0 Then
Goto Testfor123 'we test again
Else
Close #1
End If
End If
For J = 1 To 10 'this is a simple indication that we start the normal reset vector
Toggle Tx_d_led : Waitms 50 '100
Next
#if Cdebug
Print #1 , "RESET"
#endif
Goto _reset 'goto the normal reset vector at address 0
'this is the loader routine. It is a Xmodem-checksum reception routine
Loader:
#if Cdebug
Print #1 , "Clear buffer"
#endif
Do
Bstatus = Waitkey(#1)
Loop Until Bstatus = 0
For J = 1 To 4 'this is a simple indication that we start the normal reset vector
Toggle Tx_d_led : Waitms 50
Next
If Bkind = 0 Then
Spmcrval = 3 : Gosub Do_spm ' erase the first page
Spmcrval = 17 : Gosub Do_spm ' re-enable page
End If
Bretries = 10 'number of retries
Do
Bstarted = 0 ' we were not started yet
Csum = 0 'checksum is 0 when we start
Print #1 , Chr(nak); ' firt time send a nack
Do
Bstatus = Waitkey(#1) 'wait for statuse byte
Rx_d_led = 0
Select Case Bstatus
Case 1: ' start of heading, PC is ready to send
Incr Bblocklocal 'increase local block count
Csum = 1 'checksum is 1
Bblock = Waitkey(#1) : Csum = Csum + Bblock 'get block
Bcsum1 = Waitkey(#1) : Csum = Csum + Bcsum1 'get checksum first byte
For J = 1 To 128 'get 128 bytes
Buf(j) = Waitkey(#1) : Csum = Csum + Buf(j)
Next
Bcsum2 = Waitkey(#1) 'get second checksum byte
If Bblocklocal = Bblock Then 'are the blocks the same?
Rx_d_led = 1 'turn off led
If Bcsum2 = Csum Then 'is the checksum the same?
Gosub Writepage 'yes go write the page
Print #1 , Chr(ack); 'acknowledge
Else 'no match so send nak
Print #1 , Chr(nak);
End If
Else
Print #1 , Chr(nak); 'blocks do not match
End If
Case 4: ' end of transmission , file is transmitted
If Wrd > 0 Then 'if there was something left in the page
Wrd = 0 'Z pointer needs wrd to be 0
Spmcrval = 5 : Gosub Do_spm 'write page
Spmcrval = 17 : Gosub Do_spm ' re-enable page
End If
Print #1 , Chr(ack); ' send ack and ready
Rx_d_led = 1 'turn off led
Tx_d_led = 0 ' simple indication that we are finished and ok
Waitms 20
Tx_d_led = 1 'turn OFF the LED
Goto _reset ' start new program
Case &H18: ' PC aborts transmission
Goto _reset ' ready
Case 123 : Exit Do 'was probably still in the buffer
Case 124 : Exit Do
Case Else
Exit Do ' no valid data
End Select
Loop
If Bretries > 0 Then 'attempte left?
Waitms 1000
Decr Bretries 'decrease attempts
Else
Goto _reset 'reset chip
End If
Loop
'write one or more pages
Writepage:
If Bkind = 0 Then
For J = 1 To 128 Step 2 'we write 2 bytes into a page
Vl = Buf(j) : Vh = Buf(j + 1) 'get Low and High bytes
lds r0, {vl} 'store them into r0 and r1 registers
lds r1, {vh}
Spmcrval = 1 : Gosub Do_spm 'write value into page at word address
Wrd = Wrd + 2 ' word address increases with 2 because LS bit of Z is not used
If Wrd = Maxword Then ' page is full
Wrd = 0 'Z pointer needs wrd to be 0
Spmcrval = 5 : Gosub Do_spm 'write page
Spmcrval = 17 : Gosub Do_spm ' re-enable page
Page = Page + 1 'next page
Spmcrval = 3 : Gosub Do_spm ' erase next page
Spmcrval = 17 : Gosub Do_spm ' re-enable page
End If
Next
Else 'eeprom
For J = 1 To 128
Writeeeprom Buf(j) , Wrd
Wrd = Wrd + 1
Next
End If
' Toggle Portb.2 : Waitms 10 : Toggle Portb.2 'indication that we write
Return
Do_spm:
Bitwait Spmcsr.0 , Reset ' check for previous SPM complete
Bitwait Eecr.1 , Reset 'wait for eeprom
Z = Page 'make equal to page
Shift Z , Left , Maxwordshift 'shift to proper place
Z = Z + Wrd 'add word
lds r30,{Z}
lds r31,{Z+1}
#if(loaderchip = 128) Or(loaderchip = 2561)
lds r24,{Z+2}
sts rampz,r24 ' we need to set rampz also for the M128
#endif
Spmcsr = Spmcrval 'assign register
spm 'this is an asm instruction
nop
nop
Return
'How you need to use this program:
'1- compile this program
'2- program into chip with sample elctronics programmer
'3- select MCS Bootloader from programmers
'4- compile a new program for example M88.bas
'5- press F4 and reset your micro
' the program will now be uploaded into the chip with Xmodem Checksum
' you can write your own loader.too
'A stand alone command line loader is also available
'How to call the bootloader from your program without a reset ???
'Do
' Print "test"
' Waitms 1000
' If Inkey() = 27 Then
' Print "boot"
' Goto &H1C00
' End If
'Loop
'The GOTO will do the work, you need to specify the correct bootloader address
'this is the same as the $LOADER statement
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Thanks again for your responses and help.
Tim |
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TSEYFARTH
Joined: 01 Jul 2006
Posts: 1054
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| Posted: Thu Aug 06, 2015 7:48 pm Post subject: |
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MWS,
| Quote: | A first test is to have the bootloader upload the application code and after uncheck BOOTRST.
If your application works after re-powering, you have a reset issue, if it still does not work, the bootloader did not correctly load up the application code. |
The application did NOT work following your proposed procedure. But again, the bootloader did not throw any errors either.
Any other ideas?
Thanks,
Tim |
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MWS
Joined: 22 Aug 2009
Posts: 2262
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| Posted: Thu Aug 06, 2015 8:02 pm Post subject: |
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| TSEYFARTH wrote: | | It is modified to the extent that the M1281 was added, and the Baud rate was changed to 9600. |
Assumed only these two mods, I was not able to match any of the Bascom sample bootloader codes to your code. Where you did derive the modified code from?
It would have been helpful, if you would have left a reference to the original code in the header.
| Quote: | | The application did NOT work following your proposed procedure. But again, the bootloader did not throw any errors either. |
Then your bootloader code is faulty, doesn't matter if it reports errors or not.
Sending back some ACK or ERR bytes over the serial is one thing, correctly writing the flash another.
As your test did prove, the latter doesn't work.
Disabling the BOOTRST fuse sets the bootloader out of bussiness, if the bootloader would have previously loaded a valid application into the flash, the application would have been started from the reset vector &h0000.
As this does not work, the bootloader did not load a valid application. |
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TSEYFARTH
Joined: 01 Jul 2006
Posts: 1054
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| Posted: Thu Aug 06, 2015 8:44 pm Post subject: |
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MWS,
Agreed - it does not work... I got it from the samples. Maybe the problem lies with using COM2 instead of COM1. Will have another look.
Thank you,
Tim |
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MWS
Joined: 22 Aug 2009
Posts: 2262
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| Posted: Thu Aug 06, 2015 9:10 pm Post subject: |
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| TSEYFARTH wrote: | | Agreed - it does not work... |
Sure enough. But one has to find the reason.
Do you need this Com1/2 stuff?
I'd do a restart, use a proven working bootloader sample and set it up for the 1281.
For double checking: is the app working on the 1281, if flashed via ISP? |
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TSEYFARTH
Joined: 01 Jul 2006
Posts: 1054
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| Posted: Thu Aug 06, 2015 9:24 pm Post subject: |
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I MWS,
Yes, I need it to work on COM2. That is the com port that connects to the PC.
The app works perfectly when programmed with an AVRMKII.
The bootloader came from the MCS samples.
Am reviewing it again.
Tim |
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TSEYFARTH
Joined: 01 Jul 2006
Posts: 1054
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| Posted: Thu Aug 06, 2015 9:34 pm Post subject: |
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Found it... I think.
Your statement of
| Quote: |
Disabling the BOOTRST fuse sets the bootloader out of bussiness, if the bootloader would have previously loaded a valid application into the flash, the application would have been started from the reset vector &h0000.
As this does not work, the bootloader did not load a valid application.
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led me to look at that part of the bootloader app.
The original had this:
| Code: |
#if(loaderchip = 128) Or (loaderchip = 2561)
lds r24,{Z+2}
sts rampz,r24 ' we need to set rampz also for the M128
#endif
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I changed it to this:
| Code: |
#if(loaderchip = 128) Or (loaderchip = 2561) Or (loaderchip = 1281)
lds r24,{Z+2}
sts rampz,r24 ' we need to set rampz also for the M128
#endif
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Now it works. 
I did also notice that the code in the Help did not have this part at all. Instead it has this:
| Code: |
#if _romsize > 65536
lds r24,{Z+2}
sts rampz,r24 ' we need to set rampz also for the M128
#endif
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Maybe the help is even newer than the samples. If so, and the help code works, that would be better since it is more generic.
Thoughts?
Tim |
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EDC
Joined: 26 Mar 2014
Posts: 971
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| Posted: Thu Aug 06, 2015 9:48 pm Post subject: |
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Also please look that Sample Code configure pins.
| Code: | 'we use some leds as indication in this sample , you might want to remove it
Tx_d_led Alias Porte.5
Config Tx_d_led = Output 'Input
Set Tx_d_led 'Set = High
Rx_d_led Alias Porte.4
Config Rx_d_led = Output 'Input
Set Rx_d_led 'Set = High
Config Print1 = Portd.6 , Mode = Set
Coma_rts Alias Portd.6 'UART1 RTS
Config Coma_rts = Output 'Input
'Set Coma_rts 'Set = High
'Coma_RTS = 0 |
State of microcontroller AFTER BOOTLOADER IS NOT STATE AFTER RESET.
So I must once use option "Init LCD".. It depends pins You use |
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MWS
Joined: 22 Aug 2009
Posts: 2262
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| Posted: Thu Aug 06, 2015 9:53 pm Post subject: |
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| That's why I've asked for the origin of the bootloader, saw no sense of looking through the bootloader code, without knowing its origin. I'd say the latter block for setting RAMPZ is more universal, as it gets _romsize from the dat-file, so no extra inclusion of the chip in question is necessary. |
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