MCS Electronics Forum

BASCOM Project Blog : Help with Portable Radio/Media Player coding : REPLY

With a board of this complexity, functional test requires many test routines in order to troubleshoot down to the component level. The beauty of FLASH memory, is that is easy to do.!! I know these test routines as scope loops. I have a bunch of them written as I built up the HW/SW. Then when you identify a fault to the component, you have to do re-work to replace/correct the problem. These are required production line/manufacturing skills. Operator skills and necessary equipment required. Yes, to make this a product for mass production, the mechanical design is very important in order to make it attractive for sale. I optimized the layout to get maximum PCB yield on a production panel. Thus the mechanical design will have to be a customized design. Do not get me wrong, it can be as simple as a box in reality. Does not need to be fancy. I am not an Industrial Engineer, so in order to make this a product for mass production, appeal is sooo important!! The appeal factor can make or break a sale. With a big company, you establish a look, that you use for all products follow, to differentiate you from the rest. I have nothing really to follow in that regard. If I had a break and shear, I'd already have a box made out of sheet aluminum. In production, you might want to switch to steel because it is cheaper material. There also plastic, but that is expensive for a mould. I have done one mechanical design using "Front Panel Designer". Problem is the cost of the enclosure, is way to expensive from this source. The mechanical costs, should be a fraction of the electronic assembly costs. I looked around for pre-built cases. Did not find anything. If I was going to use a pre-built case I would have designed the PCB to fit the case and not the other way around. I chose Digi-Key because they had all the parts that I needed, especially the ROHM BU9458 part, which is hard to get else ware. Interesting discussions, getting a bit away from my original request for some SW help however. I do not mind these discussions, as it involves the product development cycle. I like to share my knowledge on any aspect of product development. Regards Rick

BASCOM-AVR : Constants "Const" : REPLY

Hello Mark So if I use const index_html = "index.html" then only one copy will be stored if I use it as in the code below (there are a number of other instances of this in my code with other text ). Note if I re-do a lot of code then the case could line up and use only one but its a bit of work and you only find you should have thought about it when you have gone a long way but then I have learnt this and need to think about it in the future! [code:1:5cc2502cee] Select Case Htmlpage Case 1 To 21 'Index page, main menu Msg_temp = "/index.html" Case 27 Msg_temp = "/index.html" Case 29 To 71 Msg_temp = "/index.html" Case 72 Msg_temp = Webserver + Rebooting + Please + Wate End Select [/code:1:5cc2502cee] So if I change it to this I should save flash [code:1:5cc2502cee] const index_html="index.html" Select Case Htmlpage Case 1 To 21 'Index page, main menu Msg_temp = Index_html Case 27 Msg_temp = Index_html Case 29 To 71 Msg_temp = Index_html Case 72 Msg_temp = Webserver + Rebooting + Please + Wate End Select [/code:1:5cc2502cee] Regards Paul

BASCOM-AVR : SW UARTS and $Timeout : REPLY

Well..... I can't get $Timeout to work with real hardware no matter WHAT Port I try (I've tried A, B, C and G). The code always hangs at the Input statement and goes no further. Now, I have only been trying with a Mega 128 so perhaps it's something specific to that AVR

BASCOM-AVR : Wireless 433Mhz RF transmission problem! : REPLY

Yoko I forgot to mention that the numbers/letters you see on the touch pad are a sheet of paper behind the perspex so you can put what you want with a colour printer also you can use your own perspex so it can be put into your own front panel it also beeps when you press each button. Regards Paul

BASCOM Project Blog : Toy Xylophone : REPLY

Like a record breaking Minute Waltz in 3 seconds. Very astonished that it works that fast. Digital servos against all believes are not noticeably faster at max., maybe a few milliseconds if you look at the datasheets. The feedback pots are usually more of a problem than anything else when temp. changes. This is phantastic. The BASCOM MUSIC MAN. Keep the good work up. Hubert

BASCOM-AVR : SW UARTS and $Timeout : REPLY

[quote:e8f5f417b1="albertsm"]you need to test with real hardware. the sw uart can not be simulated. i will test it with an stk500. i do connect the micro pin to a max232 level converter. did you test waitkey() or inputbin?[/quote:e8f5f417b1] I have not tested with either of those, no. But I will and report back

BASCOM-AVR : SW UARTS and $Timeout : REPLY

Mark, the soft-uart input together with $timeout is buggy, doesn't matter which port. Simulated above sample with ComC in AVR-Studio. The effect is, as soon it's compiled with $timeout, a pulled up rx-pin makes the code run wild, so it overwrites the complete sram.

BASCOM Project Blog : Toy Xylophone : REPLY

Mark - [quote:9a4cfbf867]Do you plan to release the code and project details?[/quote:9a4cfbf867] Not at this time. The code is a rough first draft. I may share it when it's somewhat improved. In the mean time here is an example of fast play. I hope it make you smile. [url]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KWB-L06G7rA[/url]

BASCOM-AVR : XMEGA SDRAM not working : REPLY

Mark, take care as you've used r12 for xram-indexing. R12-r15 previously have been used only for float. Standard ISR register saving does not take care of r12, that means in case a xram variable is accessed from within am ISR, there's a certain chance for a data corruption.

BASCOM-AVR : SW UARTS and $Timeout : REPLY

you need to test with real hardware. the sw uart can not be simulated. i will test it with an stk500. i do connect the micro pin to a max232 level converter. did you test waitkey() or inputbin?

BASCOM-AVR : XMEGA SDRAM not working : REPLY

YES!! I have sent a 1,400 KBytes file twice while reading and writting the XRAM and found not a single error! �What next? �Is there a way to make Serialin work without disturbing the XRAM?

BASCOM-AVR : SW UARTS and $Timeout : REPLY

Mark I tried my code in the simulator and even changed the Port to B but it doesn't work there either. Just an FYI

BASCOM-AVR : XMEGA SDRAM not working : REPLY

[quote:258583ea61="MWS"][quote:258583ea61="albertsm"]THe sample was old and there are newer samples from MAK3 that demonstrate xram.[/quote:258583ea61] Hmm, I pulled this example from the recent version 2.0.7.4 in the samples folder, it's the only one describing SDRam. Wouldn't it make sense to remove it, if it doesn't reflect current development anymore ?[/quote:258583ea61] yes, i will change this sample. this was before you could use full xram, and it does not look good. I think i might found the problem. try to add this inside the interrupt: Rx_com1_int: [b:258583ea61]!push r24 !in r24,rampX !push r24 [/b:258583ea61] Byte_com1 = Usartc0_data Toggle Led3 [b:258583ea61]!pop r24 !out rampx,r24 !pop r24[/b:258583ea61] Return the problem is that the interrupt code does not save the rampx.

BASCOM-AVR : Strange problem with ATMega128 frequency meter..?! : REPLY

yes, but the compiler will insert a RETI for each interrupt address when no vector is used. so while not ideal, it should not be a problem.

BASCOM-AVR : XMEGA SDRAM not working : REPLY

More hints: 1) it does'nt matter if I use [code:1:09c7863bb3]On Usartc0_rxc Rx_com1_int Enable Usartc0_rxc , Hi[/code:1:09c7863bb3] or [quote:09c7863bb3]Config Serialin = Buffered , Size = 254 Config Serialout = Buffered , Size = 200[/quote:09c7863bb3] It fails in both cases 2) When i tested without USART during four days I was using an ISR interrupting the main loop every ms, and never failed, so it is not interrupts.

BASCOM-AVR : SW UARTS and $Timeout : REPLY

I attached a pre release of the help. but take care, many described features will only work with the new release.

BASCOM Project Blog : Toy Xylophone : REPLY

Hi Dave watched this on youtube and tried to leave comment but it seems i have some YT account problems. thanks for sharing and the video. it sounds beautiful and it looks amazing. Do you plan to release the code and project details? while i do not plan to make an RF version, i do would like to build one. controlled by rs-232 or stand alone.

BASCOM-AVR : Constants "Const" : REPLY

if you use constants like if s="test" then and you reuse it later : print "test" , only one copy will be stored. for numbers it depends. some numeric constants are stored in memory and re-used and others are not. the simplest way is to use some eprom memory. some SPI eproms are big and there are even some special libs that allow you to extend the internal eprom !

BASCOM Project Blog : Help with Portable Radio/Media Player coding : REPLY

[quote:a9f491c3e2]The problems with doing partial soldering (SMT only) for sale 1) no guarantee that it works, after all is done and if it doesn't = problem? Upset customer!! [/quote:a9f491c3e2] yes, but even with a full smt assebly, there is no guarantee that it works. there can be defective parts. when i order a batch of 300 pcb's, they do not all work. some have a defective part, some have a solder problem. who is responsible? [quote:a9f491c3e2]2) no way to test, must complete assembly in order to test 3) test only consists of functional, no ICT, mixed signal design Full assembly & tested or forget it, if not = problems, that customer can not resolve [/quote:a9f491c3e2] I guess all depends on the interest. with a small volume some options will be very expensive. [quote:a9f491c3e2]Two choices, bare PCB & parts and go for it (like I did) OR Full assembly & tested Yup mechanical design/enclosure is a sore point at this time. Any ME's out there? Like I said, I did it ass backwards, should have done ME first or in parallel with layout!! [/quote:a9f491c3e2] An expensive pcb needs a good case. Either a ready made one, or a custom designed one. This requires attention since it might need a redesign. Did you already checked possible cases? [quote:a9f491c3e2]Do not sweat it Paul, I'll be at this for a while, you will probably catch up later!! Parts are supplied by Digi-Key, one stop shop. Makes no sense to have to deal with supplying parts. I do not want to be a parts distributor, nor should anyone else. Leave that to Digi-Key & Mouser. I got the BOM all setup & second sources (database) as well. Because there are so many part types, you have be careful with out of stock items. Some items have second sources!! There are over 100 different parts in the BOM. A box full of parts!! [/quote:a9f491c3e2] mouser is affordable. the normal smd parts are very cheap (r,c). And i guess only the IC's are expensive. I will discuss this further off line with you, so we can finally come with a poll.

BASCOM-AVR : XMEGA SDRAM not working : REPLY

[quote:305dd6ce02="albertsm"]THe sample was old and there are newer samples from MAK3 that demonstrate xram.[/quote:305dd6ce02] Hmm, I pulled this example from the recent version 2.0.7.4 in the samples folder, it's the only one describing SDRam. Wouldn't it make sense to remove it, if it doesn't reflect current development anymore ?

BASCOM-AVR : XMEGA SDRAM not working : REPLY

It still fails as soon as I send a few characters ofer USARTC0 here it is the code updated [code:1:655c270c36]------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ' test XRAM ' XPLAINED BOARD '------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ' - The main loop writes a value to the XRAM and then reads it. If the value written to the XRAM is not ' the same as the value read, LED1 will be set. This should never happen. ' If it is set, it can be reset with switch1 ' - Led2 is toggled every 65536 read/writes ' - An interrupt is generated everytime a byte is received from COM1 Usartc0 '===================== BASIC CONFIGURATION ============================ $regfile = "xm128a1def.dat" $hwstack = 256 $swstack = 128 $framesize = 128 'include the following lib and code, the routines will be replaced since they are a workaround $lib "xmega.lib" $external _xmegafix_clear $external _xmegafix_rol_r1014 '================= CONFIG SYSTEM OSCILLATOR =========================== ' For XPLAINED (no external crystal except for 32KHz) $crystal = 32000000 'first enable the osc of your choice Config Osc = Enabled , 32mhzosc = Enabled 'Configure the systemclock Config Sysclock = 32mhz , Prescalea = 1 , Prescalebc = 1_1 '======================== PIN DEFINITION ================================ Led1 Alias Porte.0 : Config Porte.0 = Output : Led1 = 1 Led2 Alias Porte.1 : Config Porte.1 = Output : Led2 = 1 Led3 Alias Porte.2 : Config Porte.2 = Output : Led3 = 1 Sw1 Alias Pind.0 : Config Xpin = Pind.0 , Slewrate = Enabled , Outpull = Pullup , Sense = Low_level '============================= XRAM =================================== 'The Atmel XPLAINED board has a 64 MBit SDRAM (MT48LC16M4A2TG) which is 8 MByte, it is ' connected in 3 port, 4 bit databus mode in the PDF of the SDRAM you can see it is connected ' as 16 Meg x 4. Refreshcount is 4K and the row address is A0-A11, column addressing is A0-A9 Config Xram = 3port , Sdbus = 4 , Sdcol = 10 , Sdcas = 3 , Sdrow = 12 , Refresh = 500 , _ Initdelay = 3200 , Modedelay = 2 , Rowcycledelay = 7 , Rowprechargedelay = 7 , Wrdelay = 1 , _ Esrdelay = 7 , Rowcoldelay = 7 , Modesel3 = Sdram , Adrsize3 = 8m , Baseadr3 = &H0000 'the config above will set the port registers correct. it will also wait for Ebi_cs3_ctrlb.7 'for all other modes you need to do this yourself ! $xramsize = 8000000 ' 8 MByte ' Notice that usable XRAM size is 8.000.000 - 16.384 = 7.983.616 Bytes (3991808 Words) ' because the first XRAM address used by BASCOM is 16.384, the addres just above the ' XMEGA chip RAM space of the largest RAM chip (16Kbytes) ' Restriction : variables placed outside 64KB memory may not be passed to SUB functions ' because addressing outside of 64KByte will not fit in a word ! $xramstart = 16999 '============= DECLARATION OF VARIABLES =============================== Dim Byte_com1 As Byte Dim N As Long Const N_max = 3000000 Dim Xrambuffer(n_max) As Xram Word Dim Value As Word Dim Temp As Word '=============================== COM1 (C2 C3) C0 ================================ ' Configure serial PORT COM1 (USB XPLAINED ) Config Com1 = 57600 , Mode = Asynchroneous , Parity = None , Stopbits = 1 , Databits = 8 'Config Serialin = Buffered , Size = 254 'Config Serialout = Buffered , Size = 200 Open "COM1:" For Binary As #1 'Enable Receive Interrupt For Com1 On Usartc0_rxc Rx_com1_int Enable Usartc0_rxc , Hi '============================ INTERRUPTS ======================================== Config Priority = Static , Vector = Application , Lo = Enabled , Med = Enabled , Hi = Enabled Enable Interrupts '=============================== INTRO ========================================== Print #1 , "------------- test XRAM -----------------" '=========================== MAIN LOOP ========================================== N = 17000 Do ' Increment index from 1 to n_max and start again If N < N_max Then Incr N Else N = 17000 End If ' Write value to XRAM Xrambuffer(n) = Value ' Read value from XRAM Temp = Xrambuffer(n) ' Compare values If Temp <> Value Then Led1 = 0 End If ' Update value Incr Value ' Toggle Led every 65536 read/writes If Value = 0 Then Toggle Led2 End If ' Reset LED1 with switch 1 If Sw1 = 0 Then Led1 = 1 End If Loop '____________________________________________________________________________ ' ISR RX_COM1 (XPLAINED USB) Rx_com1_int: Byte_com1 = Usartc0_data Toggle Led3 Return[/code:1:655c270c36]

BASCOM-AVR : XMEGA SDRAM not working : REPLY

Sorry, I have just read your message after posting. I'm using 2.7.0.4 beta but I'm not using $xramsize and $xramstart at all! test again...

BASCOM Project Blog : Help with Portable Radio/Media Player coding : REPLY

[quote:878b305614="Paulvk"]Hello Mark I think the only thing would be "Would you prefer a ready made programmed and assembled board?" as some may not be able to program the xmega. Now I have your problem Mark not enough time for one project and now three I want to do :D Regards Paul[/quote:878b305614] But at least one of the fun things is the programming, not? Or do you mean programming a bootloader?

BASCOM-AVR : XMEGA SDRAM not working : REPLY

I have tested starting with N = 17000 and the problem is the same. I had tested during 4 days with N=1 (without using USART interrupts) making many billions of reads and writes and it never failed not a single one read/write. But as soon as I use an USART, it fails in seconds. Either I still do not understand the way of using the XRAM or this is not the problem. I'm surprised that no one else have concerns about using XRAM The xm128-XRAM-SDRAM-XPLAIN.bas uses many ASM statements �are those needed? (In the second XRAM example in the Help ASM is not used) �Why does it only fails when the USART is used?

BASCOM-AVR : SW UARTS and $Timeout : REPLY

[quote:8a73de7312="albertsm"]It is not a good idea to use extended ports for the SW UART. But i see no reason why it would not work. I did look at the code for normal ports and that is ok. But i will retest it with real hardware.[/quote:8a73de7312] Thanks Mark. By the way, I've been using PortG as a software UART for several years now. But having $Timeout available for it would certain simplify my life by fixing a long time problem :D

BASCOM-AVR : Bascom TV addon : REPLY

sure, you can ask it here. The TVOUT is not an MCS product, we only sell one combination : the code (or actual a binary include file) and the author ships it, including the hardware. But there are links to his site, and you can buy from him directly, or you can email him directly. I am sure you can buy without the hardware, but i have no idea what it will save. you can have custom chars but you need to work that out with him too. I have no idea about an external sync. I will ask the author to comment on this topic.

BASCOM-AVR : SW UARTS and $Timeout : REPLY

It is not a good idea to use extended ports for the SW UART. But i see no reason why it would not work. I did look at the code for normal ports and that is ok. But i will retest it with real hardware.

BASCOM-AVR : XMEGA SDRAM not working : REPLY

When you add xram, the important things to look at are : $xramsize and $xramstart By default, xramstart will be at the end of the normal SRAM. In some cases, xram overlaps with normal SRAM, and then the extra xram is not fully usable. For example adding 64KB to a mega128 will still give you 64KB. And you loose the overlap of the sram with the xram. That does not seem your problem. But i wonder which version you use? in older versions, huge memory was not supported. you need 2074 beta. And you do not need to use RAMPD, RAMPX,Y,Z. This is handled automatic. THe sample was old and there are newer samples from MAK3 that demonstrate xram.

BASCOM-AVR : Wireless 433Mhz RF transmission problem! : REPLY

Hi Paul , Thank you very much for all informations, the touch pad is very nice and also the fact that the key illuminate when pressed is very impressive. Again thank's for all.

BASCOM-AVR : XMEGA SDRAM not working : REPLY

Thanks. I do read what I copy. I supposed that at n=1 the address used by BASCOM was 16.384+1 when the variable was an XRAM, and the comment was put just to be careful not to dimension the XRAM variable with all available XRAM space. Now it is clear and very helpful. I have been with this problem for months!

BASCOM-AVR : SW UARTS and $Timeout : REPLY

I've been playing some more with a software UART and $Timeout and can absolutely say it does not work with the following code (could it be because of using an extended Port?) [code:1:6fc46ffa6c]$regfile = "m128def.dat" $crystal = 16000000 $hwstack = 800 $swstack = 600 $framesize = 400 $Baud = 9600 Enable Interrupts Dim InString As String * 20 $Timeout = 10000 Open "ComG.0:57600,8,N,1" For Input As #2 Do Input #2, InString Loop until InString <> "" Print "InString " ; InString End [/code:1:6fc46ffa6c] It never gets to the Print statement and appears to hang forever at the Input statement

BASCOM-AVR : Bascom TV addon : NEWTOPIC

Hi all, can I ask questions about the tv addon here? - Is it possible to buy the license without the hardware? - Is it possible to use custom characters? - Is it possible to use an external sync source?

BASCOM-AVR : XMEGA SDRAM not working : REPLY

I'd say 1), as it seems you don't read what you copy: [quote:da8b39ce97]' because the first XRAM address used by BASCOM is 16.384, the addres just above the ' XMEGA chip RAM space of the largest RAM chip (16Kbytes)[/quote:da8b39ce97] Excerpt from xm128-XRAM-SDRAM-XPLAIN.bas: [code:1:da8b39ce97]Dim X(65000) As Xram Byte '... Rampd = 0 'make sure to switch back '... X(10000) = 100 ' this will use normal SRAM[/code:1:da8b39ce97] Your code: [code:1:da8b39ce97]Const N_max = 3000000 '... Dim Xrambuffer(n_max) As Xram Word '... N = 1 '... Temp = Xrambuffer(n)[/code:1:da8b39ce97] Guess what happens.

BASCOM Project Blog : Help with Portable Radio/Media Player coding : REPLY

Hi Paul, For both Digi-Key & Mouser, shipping is free for purchases over $200. I wait until I have enough parts to make my order over the $200 threshold. I agree, to order a few parts shipping can be more than the value of the parts themselves, so you have to be careful. I have found that Mouser is generally cheaper than Digi-Key, on most items. Splitting an order between the two can be a problem in that it can bring you below the $200 threshold, so your saving are erased, by the shipping costs. Regards Rick

BASCOM-AVR : XMEGA SDRAM not working : NEWTOPIC

I have noticed that SDRAM memory is not reliable It always works correctly when: No USART is used with interrupts (even if there are a lot of other interrupts being generated) or The value is written and read within an interrupt service routine (ISR). It always fails when: SDRAM variables are used in the main loop or elsewhere outside an ISR and URART interrupts are generated The following program writes a Word to an SDRAM variable and immediately after, reads it back. After several characters are sent to COM1 (USB port in the XPLAINED BOARD) the value written is not the same as the value read!! I would like to know if it is a problem with 1) My code 2) Bascom or 3) Atmel. [code:1:767054c6ff]'------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ' test XRAM ' XPLAINED BOARD '------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ' - The main loop writes a value to the XRAM and then reads it. If the value written to the XRAM is not ' the same as the value read, LED1 will be set. This should never happen. ' If it is set, it can be reset with switch1 ' - Led2 is toggled every 65536 read/writes ' - An interrupt is generated everytime a byte is received from COM1 Usartc0 '===================== BASIC CONFIGURATION ============================ $regfile = "xm128a1def.dat" $hwstack = 256 $swstack = 128 $framesize = 128 'include the following lib and code, the routines will be replaced since they are a workaround $lib "xmega.lib" $external _xmegafix_clear $external _xmegafix_rol_r1014 '================= CONFIG SYSTEM OSCILLATOR =========================== ' For XPLAINED (no external crystal except for 32KHz) $crystal = 32000000 'first enable the osc of your choice Config Osc = Enabled , 32mhzosc = Enabled 'Configure the systemclock Config Sysclock = 32mhz , Prescalea = 1 , Prescalebc = 1_1 '======================== PIN DEFINITION ================================ Led1 Alias Porte.0 : Config Porte.0 = Output : Led1 = 1 Led2 Alias Porte.1 : Config Porte.1 = Output : Led2 = 1 Led3 Alias Porte.2 : Config Porte.2 = Output : Led3 = 1 Sw1 Alias Pind.0 : Config Xpin = Pind.0 , Slewrate = Enabled , Outpull = Pullup , Sense = Low_level '============================= XRAM =================================== 'The Atmel XPLAINED board has a 64 MBit SDRAM (MT48LC16M4A2TG) which is 8 MByte, it is ' connected in 3 port, 4 bit databus mode in the PDF of the SDRAM you can see it is connected ' as 16 Meg x 4. Refreshcount is 4K and the row address is A0-A11, column addressing is A0-A9 Config Xram = 3port , Sdbus = 4 , Sdcol = 10 , Sdcas = 3 , Sdrow = 12 , Refresh = 500 , _ Initdelay = 3200 , Modedelay = 2 , Rowcycledelay = 7 , Rowprechargedelay = 7 , Wrdelay = 1 , _ Esrdelay = 7 , Rowcoldelay = 7 , Modesel3 = Sdram , Adrsize3 = 8m , Baseadr3 = &H0000 'the config above will set the port registers correct. it will also wait for Ebi_cs3_ctrlb.7 'for all other modes you need to do this yourself ! $xramsize = 8000000 ' 8 MByte ' Notice that usable XRAM size is 8.000.000 - 16.384 = 7.983.616 Bytes (3991808 Words) ' because the first XRAM address used by BASCOM is 16.384, the addres just above the ' XMEGA chip RAM space of the largest RAM chip (16Kbytes) ' Restriction : variables placed outside 64KB memory may not be passed to SUB functions ' because addressing outside of 64KByte will not fit in a word ! '============= DECLARATION OF VARIABLES =============================== Dim Byte_com1 As Byte Dim N As Long N = 0 Const N_max = 3000000 Dim Xrambuffer(n_max) As Xram Word Dim Value As Word Dim Temp As Word '=============================== COM1 (C2 C3) C0 ================================ ' Configure serial PORT COM1 (USB XPLAINED ) Config Com1 = 57600 , Mode = Asynchroneous , Parity = None , Stopbits = 1 , Databits = 8 'Config Serialin = Buffered , Size = 254 'Config Serialout = Buffered , Size = 200 Open "COM1:" For Binary As #1 'Enable Receive Interrupt For Com1 On Usartc0_rxc Rx_com1_int Enable Usartc0_rxc , Hi '============================ INTERRUPTS ======================================== Config Priority = Static , Vector = Application , Lo = Enabled , Med = Enabled , Hi = Enabled Enable Interrupts '=============================== INTRO ========================================== Print #1 , "------------- test XRAM -----------------" '=========================== MAIN LOOP ========================================== Do ' Increment index from 1 to n_max and start again If N < N_max Then Incr N Else N = 1 End If ' Write value to XRAM Xrambuffer(n) = Value ' Read value from XRAM Temp = Xrambuffer(n) ' Compare values If Temp <> Value Then Led1 = 0 End If ' Update value Incr Value ' Toggle Led every 65536 read/writes If Value = 0 Then Toggle Led2 End If ' Reset LED1 with switch 1 If Sw1 = 0 Then Led1 = 1 End If Loop '____________________________________________________________________________ ' ISR RX_COM1 (XPLAINED USB) Rx_com1_int: Byte_com1 = Usartc0_data Toggle Led3 Return [/code:1:767054c6ff]

BASCOM-AVR : Constants "Const" : REPLY

try const indexpage = "index.htm" and use indexpage instead index.htm

BASCOM-AVR : Constants "Const" : REPLY

Ok so it saves ram but not flash. What I am looking at in the webserver code for example is "index.html" repeated a number of times so looking at ways to reference to this text but not put it in a data statement as this would make the code harder to read. Regards Paul

BASCOM-AVR : Constants "Const" : REPLY

this is very clear paul, i'm understanding you :D Const is available during "runtime". Otherwise you can't do a calc inside Code.... Difference is, that this const can be placed in Flash and didn't use Variable Ram (Sram) best, Michael